The basic knowledge of logistics includes the following aspects:
1. Definition and classification of logistics: Logistics refers to the process of transferring material materials from the place of supply to the place of demand at the lowest cost according to customer requirements. Logistics can be divided into three sub processes: commercial flow, logistics, and information flow, with commercial flow as the foundation and information flow as the key.
2. Basic functions of logistics: The basic functions of logistics include transportation, storage, loading and unloading, packaging and processing, information management, etc. The implementation of these functions requires different logistics facilities and equipment, such as transportation vehicles, warehouses, distribution centers, packaging materials, information technology, etc.
3. Systematization and standardization of logistics: Logistics systems are complex systems composed of multiple subsystems that require systematic and standardized management. Systematization refers to the integration and optimization of various links in logistics, achieving coordination and optimization of the logistics process; Standardization refers to the formulation of logistics operation and service standards, achieving the standardization and normalization of logistics processes.
4. Logistics operation mode: The logistics operation mode includes warehousing mode, transportation mode, distribution mode, etc. Different operating modes are suitable for different logistics scenarios and needs, and need to be selected and applied according to actual situations.
5. Cost control and management of logistics: Logistics costs include transportation costs, warehousing costs, packaging costs, distribution costs, etc. It is necessary to reduce logistics costs and improve logistics efficiency through reasonable planning and management.
6. Environmental protection and sustainable development of logistics: The impact of logistics activities on the environment and resources is receiving increasing attention, and measures for environmental protection and sustainable development need to be taken, such as energy conservation and emission reduction, green logistics, etc.
7. Internationalization of Logistics and Cross border Logistics: With the development of globalization, logistics activities are becoming increasingly internationalized, and it is necessary to understand international logistics rules and standards to carry out cross-border logistics activities.
These basic knowledge are an important component of logistics activities and are of great significance for logistics management and operation.